The Elements of Design - Line, Colour, Tone, Shape, Space

Shape.
There are many different types of shapes. Shapes can be enclosed by a line, but shapes can also be created without lines. Shapes can be geometric or organic. Organic shapes remind us of the natural world in which objects are usually irregular and constantly changing. They are usually curved and undulating. Geometric shapes remind us of the precision of man - made or mechanical objects. They are usually rectilinear or straight edged.
Space
Actual space this refers to the actual space and distance existing between images and forms.
Pictorial Space.
This is the illuseionary space that we see in 2D work. This can vary from a flat patterned surface to the illusion of a deep space as in a landscape.
Pictorial space mimics, using spatial devices, the space in the natural environment. Tonal devices create form, perspective overlapping of images . Depth of field - foreground, middle and back . Field object appears larger if they are close. Spacial relationships - Matisse was interested in spacial relationships that colours and space made the design aesthetically pleasing composition arranging shapes and space.
Mass
This can be categorized into geometric, natural, abstract, and non objective. Mass of an object is the size, weight, height, breadth and depth.
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