Leadership

Leaders are also expected to energize people to overcome major political, bureaucratic and resource barriers to change by satisfying very basic, but often unfulfilled, human needs. In comparison, managers are more concerned with monitoring results, identifying deviations and then planning and organizing to solve these problems.
Early Approaches to leadership:
A) Trait Approaches to leadership:
* In this approach, researchers believed that notable leaders had some unique set of qualities or traits that distinguished them from their peers. Also, these traits were presumed to be relatively stable and enduring.
* The earliest traits identified were intelligence, dominances, self-confidence, energy, activity and task-relevant knowledge. But the trait approach could neither specify nor prove how presumed leadership traits are connected to leadership per se. Due to this, the trait approach was abandoned.
* However, the trait approach has received renewed interest. The new traits identified are drive, motivation, honesty and integrity, self-confidence, cognitive ability, knowledge of the business and charisma. …