Caffeine

History
The middle of the fifteenth century
coffee drinking and knowledge of the coffee tree
coffee spread to Egypt and North Africa
By the 16th century
coffee reached the rest of the Middle East, Persia and Turkey
coffee drinking spread to Italy, then to the rest of Europe
coffee plants were transported by the Dutch to the East Indies and to the Americas.

Natural occurrence
"beans" (seeds) of Coffea arabica and C. canephora
leaves of the tea bush
kola nuts
yaupon holly leaves
South American holly yerba mate leaves,
seeds from Amazonian maple guarana berries,
Amazonian holly guayusa leaves


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